Sand Cat Facts
SCIENTIFIC NAME
Felis margarita
COMMON NAMES
Sand Dune Cat, Desert Cat
NAME ORIGIN
The Sand Cat was discovered in 1858 and was named after the French expedition leader General Margueritte.
CONSERVATION STATUS
Least Concern (Global). Note that within each country the status can differ to the global status.
The diminutive Sand Cat is stocky with short legs and a long tail. The light brown coat has greyish fur on the back and paler fur below, with a few stripes on the limbs and tail.
The Sand Cat occurs only in the desert regions of the Sahara, the Arabian Peninsular and southwest Asia.
BEHAVIOUR
The solitary Sand Cat feeds mainly on small desert rodents, hares, birds, reptiles and insects. They rarely drink water and obtain sufficient moisture from their prey. The cats dig burrows or extend other animals' burrows where they live to escape the harsh desert conditions.
Sand Cat Key Facts
* Inhabits deserts
* Large triangular ears
* Thick furred pads
Further Information
The following professional organizations have well researched and accurate information on Sand Cats:
- Conservation Status - IUCN Red List
- Detailed Account - IUCN Cat Specialist Group
- Academic Literature pdf - IUCN Cat Specialist Group
- Research Projects - Wild Cat Family
- Species Overview - International Society for Endangered Cats (ISEC)
- Fact File pdf - Arkive Wildscreen
Articles about Sand Cats
Here are some interesting articles about Sand Cats written by experts:
Summary:
- The sand cat (Felis margarita) is a small, elusive wildcat exquisitely adapted to thrive in the deserts of northern Africa, Southwest and Central Asia — some of the hottest, driest habitat on the planet. These felids are near-impossible to see in the daytime and difficult to track at night. As a result, little is known about the species.
- Despite being challenged by limited resources, two European experts have repeatedly traveled to southern Morocco to study the sand cat. Their efforts, along with the rest of the Sand Cat Sahara Team, have led to the gathering of scientifically robust data that is lifting the lid on the secretive life of this tiny felid.
- The sand cat’s status is listed by the IUCN as “least concern” because there is little evidence to indicate its numbers are declining. But data across regions remain scant. New findings from southern Moroccan sand cat study sites beg for this conclusion to be reassessed, with possibly fewer sand cats existing than past estimates indicate.
- Tracking the sand cat’s changing conservation status is important because that data can indicate changes and trends in the ecologically sensitive environments in which they live. In addition, how they adapt, or fail to adapt, to climate change can give us clues to the resilience of species facing today’s extremes, especially desertification.
Read the full article at:
Shining a spotlight on the wide-roaming sand cat ‘king of the desert’ (mongabay.com)
by Petro Kotzé - science journalist South Africa
"Research into a tiny cat that lives in the Moroccan desert has revealed big things for the Felis genus. Not only are sand cats the title holders for the largest range in the genus, living a seemingly nomadic life, they've also exhibited a behavior never seen before in wild cats.
The nocturnal sand cat, Felis margarita margarita, is native to Africa's Sahara Desert and the Arabian Peninsula. Animals were tagged in rural southern Morocco where scientists from Panthera and the Rabat and Cologne Zoos were hoping to investigate their ecology and home range.
The years-long research tagged a total of 22 sand cats with VHF collars between 2015 and 2019, revealing that their home ranges are vastly more extensive than expected. Despite having a body length of just 45 to 57 centimeters (18 to 22.5 inches), their home range rivals that of big cats like leopards and tigers.
Even more intriguing was a behavior that’s not been seen among wild cats before. It seems they might not actually even have home ranges and instead live a nomadic lifestyle, which curiously moves with changing rainfall. If confirmed with further research, this would be a totally new behavior for wild cat species. "
Read the full article at:
Tiny Sand Cats' Huge Range Reveals Behavior Never Seen In Wild Cats (IFLScience)
by Rachael Funnell - science journalist and zoologist UK
"It was 2 a.m. in the Moroccan Sahara, and I was heading back to camp after seven hours of driving through sand, dust, and prickly vegetation on my fifth and final expedition to document sand cats. I was chatting with our local driver, Elhaj, to keep him awake, while my colleague Alexander Sliwa spent a few more minutes squatting on the roof of our Toyota Land Cruiser shining spot lamps into the bushes, close to giving up.
Then, it happened. Three pairs of eyes gleamed back at Alexander through the darkness about four kilometres from our campsite. They belonged to young sand cats, yellowish, small wild cats with broader faces and larger ears than domestic cats.
Finding these kittens was astonishing. We spent an hour taking pictures and videos and setting up camera traps in the hopes of recording some natural behaviour once we left. Based on our experience with sand cat litters in captivity, we estimate they were six to eight weeks old – too small for collaring. We believe this was the first time researchers ever documented wild sand cat kittens in their African range."
Read the full article at:
Video: Adorable sand cat kittens spotted for first time in wild (Africa Geographic)
Sourced from third-party site: Panthera, written by Grégory Breton, MSc (Managing Director, Panthera France)
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